Quality Management Management And Management - 932 Words

Due to the increasing pace at which life operated, businesses in many industries had become reliant upon creating a quick product, not necessarily evaluating if quick was necessarily going to result positively. Over the last two decades, among various industry lines, it became more commonly understood that quality management may help organizations to repeat work less often, as the initial product or service that was delivered, was of a higher caliber, resulting favorably for the company as well as for the client. Quality management has now become a more regularly used practice throughout all phases of projects, allowing project managers to operate with a clear, defined process, and letting upper management determine if work should stop short for the sake of time, not sacrificing the quality of what has been completed. Quality Management Explained CSU-Global (2013) identifies quality management as a way for organizations to develop standards to continually improve processes, procedures, products, and services. Often, these standards are referred to as policies, which are defined, documented objectives that are supported by management, based on principles, and beliefs of an organization (Milosevic, Patanakul, Srivannaboon, 2010). When quality management is addressed in the planning stages of a project, it is easier to incorporate those standards into the monitoring, controlling, and auditing phases, right from the start. While most people would think that quality of aShow MoreRelatedManagement Theory : Quality Management1353 Words   |  6 PagesINVESITIGATIVE STUDY OF EFFICIENCY INTO QUALITY MANAGEMENT PROCESS 6 SIGMA Vs ACE (ACHIEVING COMPETITIVE EXCELLENCE) CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Back Ground 3. Alternatives 4. Proposed Solutions 5. Recommendations 6. Conclusions 7. References I. Introduction Total quality management is a management philosophy aimed at continuous growth in quality improvement of products, processes and services to achieve and surpass quality standards. It consists of strategic planningRead MoreProject Quality Management : Project Management1322 Words   |  6 PagesQUESTION 1 Q: Why Project Quality management is so crucial in the completion of any project? Outline the various project quality management processes used. Describe in detail the process of Quality control. a. INTRODUCTION. Within any project there are a number of factors that are right up there and often preoccupy members of the Project Team. These include making sure that the project completes on time, making sure that the project does not go over budget and ensuring that all the team members areRead MoreManagement Of Quality Management Standards1330 Words   |  6 PagesM29EKM (MANAGEMENT OF QUALITY) COURSEWORK 2 Done by: OLUMAYOWA A. AYODEJI SID: 6771175 MSc Engineering Business Management Coventry University, UK Submitted on 19th March, 2017 1.0 Review of ISO 9001:2015 ISO 9001 is a universal quality management standard that sets requirements for quality management systems and can be adopted by organizations in any industry and of any size. It helps the organization which use it achieve customer satisfaction through efficient processes [ISO, 2015]Read MoreQuality Of Project Quality Management775 Words   |  4 PagesQuality in â€Å"Project quality management† Project quality management ensures that the quality of the project is up to the quantified standard defined by the company. It was suggested by (Gomes et al, 2005) that as a result of similar management techniques in efficiently operating companies globally it can be concluded that the most successful companies focus on maximizing customer’s satisfaction. 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Kairong (2010) states that it can be refer to th e process in which inspections are conducted to detect defects, the process in which products are produced to meet customer requirements, or it can be defined as customer satisfaction. No matter how quality is defined, Manghani (2011) argues that it â€Å"shouldRead MoreThe Quality Of Total Quality Management896 Words   |  4 Pages Total quality management, also known as TQM, which is an umbrella methodology drawing on knowledge of the principles and practices of the behavioral sciences, the analysis of quantitative and non-quantitative data, economic theories, and process analysis to continually improve the quality of all processes. Three major contributors to the quality profession include: Walter A. Shewhart, W. Edwards Demings, and Joseph M. 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In order for this to be achieved their must goals and objectives to work towards. The success of these goals and objectives are dependent upon The Quality Management Structure of the organization. With proper implementation and managementRead MoreQuality Of Quality Management Process1658 Words   |  7 Pagesthe ones that define the stated quality needs for defining the project requirements. It is also defined as the conformance to requirements or fitness for use, which means that the product or services must meet the intended objectives of the project and have a value to the sponsor and recipient. The main aim of quality management is meeting or exceeding stakeholder’s expectations and conforming to the project design and its specifications. Till the desired quality is obtained a continuous repetitive

Case Analysis Padgett V. Donald 41 - 884 Words

Padgett v. Donald 41 F.3d 1253 (11th Circuit 2005) FACTS Procedural: The United States and Georgia Constitutions allow the Georgia Department of Corrections to compel incarcerated felons to submit saliva samples for DNA profiling, pursuant with O.C.G.A. section 24-4-60. The district court granted summary judgement in favor of the Commissioner of the Georgia Department of Corrections, the Georgia Bureau of Investigation, and the Georgia Department of Corrections. The statute does not violate the Fourth Amendment, the search and seizure provisions of the Georgia Constitution, or the felon’s rights to privacy under the United States or Georgia Constitutions, and was affirmed. Substantive: In 2000, the Georgia General Assembly amended O.C.G.A. section 24-4-60 (â€Å"the statute†) to require people that are convicted of felonies and incarcerated for felony crimes to provide a sample of DNA to the Georgia Department of Corrections (â€Å"GDOC†) for analysis and storage in a data bank that is maintained by the Georgia Bureau of Investigation (â€Å"GBI†). The DNA profiles can be released from the bank â€Å"to federal, state, and local law enforcement officers upon a request made in furtherance of an official investigation of any criminal offense.† The statute applies to anyone convicted of a felony and incarcerated on or after July 1st, 2000. The statute allows the GDOC to obtain an incarcerated felon’s DNA sample by taking blood, swabbing the inside of his mouth for saliva, or using any otherShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCommunication 335 Leadership 367 Power and Politics 411 Conflict and Negotiation 445 Foundations of Organization Structure 479 v vi BRIEF CONTENTS 4 The Organization System 16 Organizational Culture 511 17 Human Resource Policies and Practices 543 18 Organizational Change and Stress Management 577 Appendix A Research in Organizational Behavior Comprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior

Creating Safe space

Question: Discuss about the Creating Safe space Classroom bullying. Answer: Introduction Background Creating safe spaces in classroom has emerged as a challenging task to all the teachers and the administrations across the globe because some students are there who love bullying the others (Brookfield, 2015). This may be because of various reasons such as racism, family background and many more. Scope In the chosen video i.e. Summer Heights High - Jonah Episode 1, Jonah is a type of student who loves bullying the others, disturbing the classroom with some unaccepted behaviours. The teachers have no clues on what to do to make Jonah disciplined. The video is chosen to describe some of the reasons that are creating an unsafe space in and around the classroom. Aim This assignment tries to understand an unsafe classroom environment and some of the possible reasons for this with the help of a chosen video i.e. Summer Heights High - Jonah Episode 1. The aim is to convey a message that a safe space in a classroom is required to construct a great learning environment. Summary of video clip The Jonah Episode 1 of Summer Heights High is a part of Australian Television Series, which was first aired on 5th September 2007. It has few important characters in it and the most important character of all is of Jonah, which plays an important role in creating an unsafe environment in the classroom (Hopkins, 2013). Moreover, the unacceptable behaviour of Jonah with some students such as Ben and disturbing activities in the classroom have all collectively created an unsafe environment in and around the classroom. Further, Jonah does not want to realize that his activities are actually damaging the environment of the classroom. He rather finds himself perfect and tries to find out problems in others. The main highlights of the episode 1 are the complicated activities of Jonah with some of the students especially with Ben and the English teacher Sarah Wheatley. Jonah just thrown away his bags and bullied him physically only because Ben has red hairs and has come from some different c ountries. Moreover, Jonah just insulted his English teacher in front of all the students for no valid reasons. Summary of literature Safe space refers to an environment, which bears a healthy life for all its members irrespective of its kinds (Hermann-Wilmarth Ryan, 2013). A safe space in a classroom is of utmost importance for a school and student across the globe as it prepares way for a supportive learning environment in the classroom. Moreover, a supportive learning environment in the classroom is a valuable asset for a students career (Jeong Lee, 2013). The Jonahs character in the chosen video is a very complicated one as it does not where to go and what to do. Jonah is a confused character, which only satisfies its soul by doing some unacceptable activities that might even disturb others. The student welfare member Mr. Doug Peterson in this video tries to explain him the wrong perspectives of bullying. Mr. Peterson explains that Jonah does possess some irresistible tensions that are compelling him for these kinds of activities. Moreover, Jonah did lose his mother in his early age. According to Mr. Peterson , Jonah is physically different to others of his age. However, a proper support from his family members might help Jonah in overcoming the ongoing problem in him (Thompson Smith, 2012). Cultural intelligence can be defined as an individuals capability to maintain a peaceful practice at the workplace or the classroom environment with people of different cultures (Booker, 2016). Moreover, it lets the individual adjust with various kinds of cultural peoples from irrespective parts of world. Cultural self-awareness can be referred to a knowledge, which helps in understanding the level of awareness in a person towards the different cultural values (Adeyemo, 2012). Cultural intelligence and cultural self-awareness have a very strong relationship with the safe space in the classroom. The unsafe environment depicted in the video indicates towards an unawareness quality of Jonah to the different cultural values. Moreover, if Jonah were full of all the cultural self-awareness and the skills of cultural intelligence, he would have never bullied Ben by throwing his bags. Jonah believes that whatever he wish to do is correct, no matter what consequence his action can produce to others. In the chosen video clip, the student welfare member Mr. Peterson says that the main problem behind Jonahs activities is hard to explain (Lilley, 2017). However, it might be because that he lost his mother at his early ages, which might have hampered the proper nurturing of Jonah. Moreover, Jonah is physically underdeveloped, which might have also compelled him in behaving this way. Further, the cultural self-awareness and the cultural intelligence play a very significant role in adjusting with the diverse kinds of cultural people. Nevertheless, the family background is the primary learning centre for an individual, which helps in developing a required level of self cultural-awareness and the cultural intelligence in him or her (Booker, 2016). Observations/ description of video Scene Number/ Time frame Physical Factors: Size and layout of space Proximity and position other Communication factors: Body language, Voice Words Signs of Inclusion or Exclusion Display or lack of cultural intelligence 1- 0:23 Seconds to 0:31 Seconds Throwing of school bag of Ben by Jonah Casual body language of Jonah and his two other friends Leon Joseph with undisciplined loud voice Sign of exclusion to create a safe space can be disciplined behaviours of Jonah and his two other friends in front of Mr. Peterson who is a member of student welfare Saying sorry to Ben in an impolite manner by Jonah 2- 2:42 Minutes to 4:01 Minutes Making fun of English teacher, Sarah Wheatley Disrespectful manner of Jonah where he insults his English teacher for wrong things Sign of exclusion can be the sitting of Jonah at the back seat that was placed behind the class Jonah did not show respect to his English teacher and blame her for wrong reasons 3- 4:21 Minutes to 4:38 Minutes Cheating others assignment Jonah did not do any work on his assignment and simply called Stuart the last night before the submission to know the content of his assignment Sign of inclusion can be the awareness of other students towards the behaviour of Jonah Jonah just cheated the others assignment Source: (Created by author) Discussion Some important theoretical perspectives such as the safe space, cultural self-awareness and cultural intelligence are very helpful in analysing the movie depicted in the chosen video i.e. Summer Heights High - Jonah Episode 1 (Richardson, 2012). The picture that is depicted in the episode represents an unsafe environment of a school. However, some scenes are also there, which are producing a safe space in the school. The one moment, which is the most effective, is the interaction of Mr. Peterson with the Jonah and his friends. That particular interaction between the member of student welfare and the Jonah tries to show the importance of a safe space in a school environment (Tucker, 2012). Moreover, Mr. Peterson tries to help Jonah in realizing his mistakes, which are damaging the classroom environment in particular. Moreover, all the teachers are tired of Jonah who has already been expelled from two other previous schools. Further, Jonah is a complicated character, which is not suita ble for any classroom environment. The character of Jonah is not safe for any school environment as diverse cultural participation in a school is common. The hatred feelings of Jonah towards other cultures have compelled him in bullying Ben by throwing his bags (Campano Edmiston, 2015). Further, the comment from the English teacher, Sarah Wheatley about the destructive nature of Jonah is also supporting the fact that there are numerous unsafe spaces in the classroom as depicted in the movie. Jonah disturbs other students learning by doing some unaccepted non-sense things such as making fun of the English teacher by saying that the teacher has farted. However, Jonah feels that teachers only blame him for sits, which is not acceptable from his point of view. The film mostly constructs an unsafe space in the classroom, which is evident through various scenes in the film (Fisher, Frey, Pumpian, 2012). The scenes when Jonah blames his English teacher for farting and when Stuart blames Jonah for cheating his assignment on some topic do well illustrate the unsafe environment in the classroom created by Jonah. Teachers in the depicted movie are fully scared of Jonahs behaviours, as Jonah never hesitates in insulting his teachers. Jonah always believes that he is right, as it is evident in the scene when Mr. Peterson asks Jonah to say sorry to Ben for bullying him but Jonah does not. Moreover, Jonah was not at all polite at the time when he was saying sorry to Ben for his bullying activities. Recommendations The one point of recommendation is to arrange a meeting in between the principle and the Jonahs guardians regarding the unsafe activities that Jonah is producing in the classroom. Discussing the major ailments in Jonahs activities should be a part of that meeting. Moreover, Jonahs unusual activities in the school need to be highlighted to his guardians to generate a sense of realization in them towards Jonahs career (Baglieri Shapiro, 2012). Mr. Peterson, the welfare member of students could not bring any changes in Jonahs behaviour. Therefore, it then becomes a necessity to acknowledge the guardians about Jonahs activities. Moreover, Jonahs guardians need to take care of all his activities as students spend their maximum time at their homes. Nevertheless, family background is the primary learning centre, which contributes in the development of a social awareness in a students character. The major problem highlighted in the movie was the missing of cultural intelligence and the cult ural self-awareness in the Jonahs character. Cultural intelligence and cultural self-awareness are the two most important part of a student, which helps them in adjusting with diverse culture of students in schools (Baglieri Shapiro, 2012). Conclusion The assignment covers a brief discussion on the safe space of a classroom with the help of a video clip such as Summer Heights High - Jonah Episode 1. The video shows the other part of a safe space, which is about the disturbing nature of Jonah in his school. The disturbing nature of Jonah has created a destructive image of him in the school. Moreover, Jonah is happy in disturbing others and in doing so, he sometimes tend to forget the respect level that complies with the teachers. The moment where he does not say sorry to Ben in a polite manner and the moment where he insults his English teacher Sarah Wheatley for wrong reasons clearly indicate the disturbing nature of Jonah in this video. However, there are not any identified solutions for his unacceptable behaviours but the family background is the one way, which could have produced some effective remedy against such behaviours. Bibliography Adeyemo, S. A. (2012). The relationship between effective classroom management and students academic achievement. European Journal of Educational Studies. 367-381.[Accessedat:https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/32963797 /SHAZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZMA.PDF?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3AExpires=1486813721Signature=rymMwzB37zvGWh9TgQrEFhzna8U%3Dresponse-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DTHE_RELATIONSHIP_BETWEEN_EFFECTIVE_CLASS.pdf] Baglieri, S., Shapiro, A. (2012). Disability studies and the inclusive classroom: Critical practices for creating least restrictive attitudes. Routledge. [Accessed at: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=tkaC2eYg-eUCoi=fndpg=PP2dq=creating+safe+space+in+classroomots=R1zgXhHUZPsig=mxzBDq1bY2x6RCNJA4PCo57h_T8#v=onepageqf=false] Booker, K. (2016). Connection and Commitment: How Sense of Belonging and Classroom Community Influence Degree Persistence for African American Undergraduate Women. Executive Editor. 218-229. [Accessed at: https://www.isetl.org/ijtlhe/pdf/IJTLHE28(2).pdf#page=77] Brookfield, S. D. (2015). The skillful teacher: On technique, trust, and responsiveness in the classroom. John Wiley Sons. [Accessed at: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=gAhhBgAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PA192dq=creating+safe+space+in+classroomots=BoYvOtYp6Ssig=yj9If_RDY1TfkwTwa06p0aPd89Y#v=onepageqf=false] Campano, G., Edmiston, B. (2015). Literacy tools in the classroom: Teaching through critical inquiry, grades 5-12. Teachers College Press. [Accessed at: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=jnK0SesoRlECoi=fndpg=PR5dq=creating+safe+space+in+classroomots=MzVP-nYtGKsig=pOYcsFMAuvAiahPHnngpIBzjiJI#v=onepageqf=false] Fisher, D., Frey, N., Pumpian, I. (2012). How to create a culture of achievement in your school and classroom. ASCD. [Accessed at: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=LCvrv2ggn2QCoi=fndpg=PP1dq=creating+safe+space+in+classroomots=wyDId9LBf5sig=Tm9DvWEJqmIl1oKa2v6MBNQ-NV0#v=onepageqf=false] Hermann-Wilmarth, J., Ryan, C. (2013). Interrupting the single story: LGBT issues in the language arts classroom. Language Arts. 226-231. [Accessed at: https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/34481727/LA0903Conversation.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3AExpires=1486813597Signature=C6WRg4nyEZafbx6AFLnFK%2FztQJI%3Dresponse-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DInterrupting_the_Single_Story_LGBT_Issue.pdf] Hopkins, D. (2013). Creating the Conditions for Classroom Improvement: A handbook of staff development activities. Routledge. [Accessed at: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=1ZrHBQAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PT6dq=creating+safe+space+in+classroomots=nezYybdc1Nsig=LJZkzNRg9eR7bOTkz1yAQCikVGk#v=onepageqf=false] Jeong, S., Lee, B. H. ( 2013). A multilevel examination of peer victimization and bullying preventions in schools. Journal of criminology. [Accessed at: file:///C:/Users/asus%20user/Downloads/735397.pdf] Lilley, C. (2017). Summer Heights High - Jonah Episode 1. [image]. [Accessed at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=c5eZ3zJVjg8] Protogerou, C., Flisher, A. (2012). Bullying in schools.Crime, Violence and Injury in South Africa: 21st Century Solutions for Child Safety. Tygerberg: MRC, 119-133. [Accessed at: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Cleo_Protogerou/publication/258222223_BULLYING_IN_SCHOOLS/links/55073d5f0cf26ff55f7c2f79.pdf] Richardson, G. R. (2012). Creating a Space to Grow: the process of developing your outdoor learning environment. Routledge. [Accessed at: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=8O3rYO1it4QCoi=fndpg=PR3dq=creating+safe+space+in+classroomots=rSkbtZmpI0sig=15IHlhpdW0QGdlSEQ7jykeGGyNU#v=onepageqf=false] Thompson, F., Smith, P. K. (2012). Anti-bullying strategies in schools: what is done and what works. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 154-173. [Accessed at: https://www.bullyingandcyber.net/media/cms_page_media/55/Thompson-Smith2.pdf] Tucker, C. R. (2012). Blended learning in grades 412: Leveraging the power of technology to create student-centered classrooms. . Corwin Press. [Accessed at: https://books.google.co.in/books?hl=enlr=id=GmvIn8qBwssCoi=fndpg=PP1dq=creating+safe+space+in+classroomots=t86wIdcdjK sig=5wUHZymMTLz7ovQcmQ_FLKw4jLo#v=onepageq=creating%20safe%20space%20in%20classroomf=false]

Sustainable Tourism free essay sample

Introduction As defined by the World Tourism Organization (WTO), tourism comprises the activities of persons travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business, and other purposes. Key concepts of sustainable development and sustainable tourism, values and ethics of sustainable tourism and the needs of sustainability in all form of tourism shall be discussed in this essay. 2. 1 Sustainable Tourism Since World War II, tourism has developed from a relatively minor activity to the worlds largest industry. The travelling within more developed countries as well as from more developed countries to less developed countries generally increased. It also consists of the majority of middle classes travelling among less developed countries but also to the more developed countries. The term sustainable tourism emerged from a broader discourse on the idea of sustainable development (Bramwell and Lane, 1993). It aims to obtain economic, socio-cultural and environmental benefits and helping to conserve the environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Sustainable Tourism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Tourism which is developed and maintained in an area (community, environment) in such a manner and at such a scale that it remains viable over an indefinite period and does not degrade or alter the environment (human and physical) in which it exist to such a degree that it prohibits the successful development and well-being of other activities and processes (Butler 1993 in Wahab and Pigram 1997, p44). According to Jafari, the global tourism sector has been influenced and described by a few model platforms, advocacy, cautionary, adaptancy and knowledge-based platforms. At the later stage, Macbeth (2005) rethought the model and proposed the other 2 models, sustainable and value full platforms. These distinct perspectives provide a useful structure for understanding the outgrowth and development of sustainable tourism. However these platforms do not represent a pure type or ideology but rather be used for understanding for stakeholders on tourism and it is not mutually exclusive. 2. 1. 1 Advocacy platform The advocacy platform was the first to appear in the post-war period during the 1950s to 1960s and was characterized by the strong support for tourism. There were a few factors leading to the appearance and ascendancy of this pro-tourism. The tendency to travel for recreational purposes of the middle class in the more developed countries grew after World War II. The cost of travel was reduced and the accessibility to more destinations was opened to a larger market. Less developed countries was made favorable to economic development judging the inexhaustible supply of resources such as the local culture, scenery and beaches. Economic benefits Tourism generates direct revenues as well as indirect revenues to the country. In this case it creates a large number of employments to the direct or indirect sectors for the unskilled labor force. It also serves as a generator of infrastructure. Socio-cultural and environment benefits Tourism promotes cross-cultural understanding and, ultimately, world peace, through direct contact between host and guest (DAmore, 1988). It also provides an incentive to conserve the tradition, natural and man-made environment. The iconic heritage sites such as the Great Wall of China, Egyptian pyramids of Giza and Machu Picchu of Peru would seriously be the tourism attraction of the countries. Therefore a portion of the revenue can be allocated for maintenance or restoration purposes. 2. 1. 2 Cautionary platform Cautionary platform was emerged in the late 1960s to 1970s due to several factors contributing it. It has been argued that unrelated tourism development ultimately rises in unacceptably high economic, environmental and socio-cultural cost for the locals of the destinations, who are losing out as a result of these costs. For less developed countries, the intensification of tourism development had been developed where negative impacts became increasingly visible. Economic costs Cautionary platform showed that tourism employment generate low wages, part time, unskilled, seasonal job and employee does not have the opportunity to entitle to benefits as well as upward mobility. In the long-run pattern of seasonal nature of tourist demand, it creates a respectively under-capacity and over-capacity which resulted instability to the country economy. Socio-cultural and environmental costs With the increased of tourism development, the country has to destroy part of the natural environment to build large scale resorts, golf course or marina to attract the tourists. Natural environments such as beaches, forest or lakes are being destroyed due to the over-populated and over-congestion. The culture and the locals are also being commoditized by the visitors as the residents have to adapt products and services to the tourists demand rather than their own community. With the increased of tourism activities, illegal and criminal activities are inevitable which disrupt the structure of the host society. Advocacy and Cautionary platforms are largely concerned with imparts of tourism which leads to the third platform of adaptation where alternative platform of tourism. 2. 1. 3 Adaptancy platform The appearance of adaptancy platform was introduced in the late 1970s and early 1980s. This platform was introduced after cautionary platform identified the potential negative impacts of tourism but did not implement solutions to avoid these negative effects. It favored new form of tourism responsiveness to the host community, man-made environment, natural environment and socio-cultural. Employing of locals, utilizing local resources, being less destructive can be beneficial to the host community and guests. 2. 1. 4 Emergence of alternative tourism By supporting locally owned small-scale enterprises than externally owned and large scale enterprises leads to alternative tourism. Eco-tourism special interest tourism appeared as alternative tourism that attracts based on the natural environment. . 1. 5 Knowledge-Based platform Several factors gave rise in the late 1980s and 1990s according to Jafari (2001) which he terms the knowledge-based platform. It is based on scientific foundation, research-based to provide objective analysis. This platform emphasize on holistic, system-based approached. By studying the whole tourism system, understanding its underlying structures and functions so that proper assessment can be done to manage the touris m sector. 3. 1 Sustainable Development Sustainable development is defined as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland Report, 1987). Essentially, sustainable development advocates the wise use and conservation of resources in order to maintain their long-term viability (Eber, 1992, p. 1). The principles of sustainable development are ecological sustainability, economic sustainability, social sustainability and cultural sustainability (Jamieson, et al, 2000). Ecological sustainability refers to the direction towards ecological principles and biological diversify. Economical sustainability refers to development economically efficient within generations. Social sustainability refers to the increase of peoples control over their own lives; maintain and strengthen community identity. Cultural sustainability refers to development compatible with the culture and values of affected people. The above-mentioned shows the need for sustainability in all form of tourism in order to sustain. 3. 2 Eco-Tourism In the mid-1980s, eco-tourism is closely associated. The International Ecotourism Society (TIES, 1990) defined that responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people. Ecotourism is about conservation of environment with minimum impart, build environmental and cultural awareness and respect, providing positive experience for both host and visitors, provide financial benefits for the host and raising sensitivity to host countries political, environmental, and social climate. Singapore Environment Council (SEC), foster greater appreciation of the environment amongst the community as a whole. The objective of the non-profit organization is to promote greater public awareness concerning the living and natural environment in Singapore, encouraging public to be more environmentally conscious and display a greater sense of environmental responsibility. They also organized environmental promotion and protection in Singapore or the purpose of conserving the nature areas such as Bukit Timah Reserve, Pulua Ubin, Sungei Buloh Nature Park. 4. Local Conditions The economic, socio-cultural and environmental factors play an important part in a country. The interplay of social, economic and environmental conditions can have a profound impact on the perceived importance of tourism and the relative power of different interest groups within the destination (Dredge 2001b, 2006a). Economic factors refer to the assets and revenues of a country. For instance, the more developed countries will have the ability to supply or inject more money to conserve their natural or man-made environment, or even build large-scale resorts and golf course to attract tourists to the country. For less-developed countries, due to their low standard of living and undeveloped infrastructures, the countries do not have the ability to invest the money for conserving the environment. Socio-cultural factors refer to the socio structure, the values and cultures of a society. The culture of a community can be very different from other community. For example, Singaporeans are more conservative compared to the westerners. Environmental factors refer to the environment, nature and location of a country. The natural structure of a country is hard to change. For example, Singapore is a small island with neither forest nor mountain whereas the Himalayas Mountain in Tibet is a natural resource. Therefore planning is important, as good tourism planning can sustain the environment more successfully. Reciprocally, poor tourism planning can result harm to the natural habitat, overcrowding in a place and creates pollutions. 5. Values Jafaris knowledge-based platform took a scientific and objective view of tourism and a system approach to the industry. However, Macbeth confidently believes that knowledge, policy, planning and development decisions are value-based. Concluding that no matter how many scientific facts, priorities and decisions made will be based on what the stakeholders believe. Hence, Value-Full or ethics-based platform was proposed (Macbeth, 2005). It encourages the stakeholders to question the motives, ethics and morality during the consideration of the consequences of tourism within a economic, socio-cultural and environmental framework. The United Nations, the general assembly adopted the Millennium Declaration on 8 September 2000, recognizing it as a collective responsibility to uphold the principle of human dignity, equality and equality at the global level. Fundamental values essential to international relations include freedom, equality, solidarity, tolerance, and respect for nature and shared responsibility are considered. Freedom refers to human rights to live their lives without the fear of violence or injustice. Equality refers to the equal rights and opportunities of different genders, race or religion to benefit from development. Solidarity refers to the sharing of costs and burdens between those who benefit more or to those who benefit less. Tolerance should also be respected within human beings in the difference of belief, culture and language. Respecting of nature must be shown of all natural resources and living species in order to sustain for the future generation. Responsibility must be shared to manage worldwide economic, social development as well as threats to international peace and security. 6. Global Code of Ethics The Global Code of Ethics is a set of principle which is used to guide the stakeholders as well as visitors in tourism development. The Global Code of Ethics for Tourism is believed to help minimize the negative impacts of tourism on the environment and on cultural heritage while maximizing the benefits for residents of tourism destination (WTO). The stakeholders in tourism development should implement the principles and follow closely to it. Mutual understanding between peoples and societies, the respect of cultural and religious traditions should be observed. For example, Lijiang Ancient Town, China, acquiring World Heritage status in 1997 and since then four million tourists has passed through the town. According to X. Su and P. Teo, a questionnaire survey was used to ascertain the local perceptions on heritage and the state (2008: p. 153).

Causes and Disadvantages of Air Pollution Essays

Causes and Disadvantages of Air Pollution Essays Causes and Disadvantages of Air Pollution Paper Causes and Disadvantages of Air Pollution Paper the Clean Air Act of 1967 as amended in 1970, 1977, and 1990 is the legal basis for air-pollution control throughout the U. S. The Environmental Protection Agency has primary responsibility for carrying out the acquirement of the act, which specifies that air-quality standards be established for harmful substances. These standards are in the form of concentration levels that are believed to be low enough to protect public health. Source emission standards are also specified to limit the discharge of pollutants into the air so that air-quality standards will be achieved. The amendments Of 1990 identify ozone, carbon monoxide, particulate matter, acid rain, and air toxins as major air pollution problems. Internationally, 49 countries agreed in March 1 985 on a United Nations convention to protect the ozone layer.

Holiday Shopping Safety Tips

Holiday Shopping Safety Tips The holiday season is a time when people can become careless and vulnerable to theft and other holiday crimes. People are often in a rush buying gifts, decorating their homes, visiting friends or traveling. There is a big increase in the number of people that are out and about shopping at the malls and grocery stores, packing the parking lots, grabbing taxis, filling up the seats on rapid transit and waiting in lines at ATM machines. Late Nights Many stores extend hours late into the night. People head to the stores after work, then at closing time, you see them emerging with the dazed eyes of sleepwalkers. Amazingly, then the mall parking lots empty out in record time and within minutes become deserted. Without fail, there are always a handful of people wandering the lots alone, looking for where they parked their cars or digging through handfuls of shopping bags searching for their lost car keys. To normal, law-abiding people, all of this kind of holiday hoopla and pressure is just part of the festive mood of the season. And all the gaiety, unfortunately, also tends to cause people to let their innate sense of caution temporarily fall by the wayside. Why Thieves Love the Holiday Season All the hustle and bustle going on over the holidays gives thieves what they want, almost as much as an unlocked bank vault, and that is the opportunity to become invisible. By being as nondescript as possible, they can move through big crowds of rushed and distracted people without anyone noticing them. They can pickpocket and shoplift and when their victims realize that they have been robbed, they will have no idea who did it.   In most communities, the police work additional hours during November and December. They are kept busy the increase in traffic accidents, home fires, bar fights, and family disputes. Also, during the month of December, more people die of natural causes than any other time of the year. Police often have to change their regular routines and leave the nightly patrol through neighborhoods to answer emergency calls. Thieves Feed on Opportunities Thieves know that the police are overloaded during the holiday season and they take full advantage it. They thrive on the fact that the police and stores loss prevention staff have their hands full with amateur thieves who are hauled to jail for trying to steal from the electronics departments or waiting for the parents of pre-teens who pocketed the latest video game. In the meantime, the professional thieves are busy breaking into cars in the parking lots to steal gifts, cell phones, and electronics, or stalking and robbing or scamming the people who are alone. Some thieves prefer burglarizing homes. They spend their time walking neighborhoods, looking for houses that appear that the homeowners are away. Darkened homes nestled between neighbors with front yards bursting with holiday lights will draw their attention. Having the kids off from school is another concern because of the number of unsupervised teens hanging around without anything to do. Homes within neighborhoods are broken in more times by young male teens that live in or near the neighborhood. They often choose a home and then hang out to see when the homeowners leave each day. They might be so brazen and ring the doorbell, then pretend to try to sell something if anyone answers. How to Keep From Becoming a Holiday Crime Victim The following tips can help you be more careful, prepared and aware during the holiday season. Try to shop during the day, but if you do shop at night, do not do it alone.Dress casually and comfortably.Avoid wearing expensive jewelry.Do not carry a purse or wallet, if possible. Consider bringing a security travel pouch instead.Always carry your drivers license or identification along with necessary cash, checks and/or a credit card you expect to use.Recognize when you are rushed, distracted and stressed out, and stay alert to what is going on around you.Avoid carrying large amounts of cash.Pay for purchases with a check or credit card when possible.Keep cash in your front pocket.If you discover that a credit card is missing, notify the credit card company as soon as possible. Dont assume that you misplaced it and will find it later.Keep a record of all of your credit card numbers in a safe place at home.Be extra careful if you do carry a wallet or purse. They are the prime targets of criminals in crowded shopping areas, terminals, bus stops, on buses and other rapid transit.Av oid overloading yourself with packages. It is important to have clear visibility and freedom of motion if you are approached. Beware of strangers approaching you for any reason. At this time of year, con-artists may try various methods of distracting you, including working in teams, with the intention of taking your money or belongings.

How does Fitzgerald demonstrate the ideas of the modernist period in Essay

How does Fitzgerald demonstrate the ideas of the modernist period in his story Who is the protagonist and what is the conflict - Essay Example The story is biographical in nature as it includes experiences of Fitzgerald’s own life. The conflict in the story of â€Å"Babylon Revisited† is about the attempt a father makes to gain custody of his daughter Honoria, while fighting a battle against alcoholism. The protagonist in the story is Charlie Wales who amassed a fortune by investing in stocks during the 1920’s great bull market occasion. Charlie was a 35 year old American businessman who quit his job to settle down with his wife Helen in Paris to enjoy his wealth. Unfortunately, due to his weakness for alcohol, and the family’s reckless lifestyle, there was great friction in the family which finally led to his wife’s Helen’s death. Charlie becomes a victim to alcohol abuse and is soon admitted into a sanitarium. His daughter is sent to live with his wife Helen’s sister while he strives to get over his bad habit of drinking. We can definitely sympathize with Charlie because he makes a great attempt to do away with his drinking and after his release from the sanitarium, he once again establishes himself as a businessman after he moved to Prague. References Babylon Revisited www.gutenberg.net.au/fsf/BABYLON-REVISITED.html Babylon Revisited www.enotes.com

Security and Loss Prevention Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Security and Loss Prevention - Assignment Example Second, the internal control program will discourage the fraud-minded employees and management staff from implementing their illegal acts. Third, the company’s usual fraud and error occurrences will be reduced or even eliminated. Fourth, investors will have more confidence in a company that has a comprehensive internal control program in place. Last, companies can prepare more realistic financial statements will be prepared to the different stakeholders of the company (Hillison, 1999). There are several specific benefits of implementing the comprehensive control program. First, implementing a control program that includes allowing only authorized persons to enter the accounting office will prevent unauthorized persons from manipulating the accounting data in order to present false financial reports. False reports include presenting fraudulently presenting a higher sales amount compared to the actual sales figure. Second, one can specifically advise the company to implement pas swords to access all computer database and other computer software programs. For example, the use of passwords will similarly prevent the marketing manager from increasing the sales figure in order to show management that the sale management’s monthly sales quota was achieved. ... The use of passwords will identify to the person who altered accounting entries such as inventory amounts and sales amounts. Third, one can specifically advise the company that internal control will ensure financial statement balances are more reliable. Internal control will indicate the inventory balance is presented in the financial statements are more reliable compared to inventory reports where control programs are absent. Internal control procedure includes comparing the physical count of the inventory as basis for correcting reported inventory amounts shown in the inventory records. Internal control of having another person check the recording of the receivables accounts by comparing the sales invoices with the amounts recorded in the financial reports will ensure the accounts receivable balances are efficiently and effectively recorded on time and in the proper accounting periods (Bierstaker, 2006). Fourth, one can specifically advise the company that control program procedure s will ensure compliance with applicable government laws and regulations. For example, installing an accounting program that will automatically compute the taxes for each accounting period will prevent the accounting personnel from erroneously or fraudulently preparing a fraudulent or erroneous report. The erroneous or fraudulent report will indicate the company must pay a lower amount of taxes when compared to the computer generated higher actual tax liability. The internal control procedure includes ensuring the computer software is constantly updated to reflect the updated tax laws rates on income tax and other related business taxes (Bierstaker, 2006). In terms of detective control procedures, there are several procedures that must be

Discuss research into different type of attachment Essay Example for Free

Discuss research into different type of attachment Essay Mary Ainsworth conducted two naturalistic observations, one in the rural community of Kampala in Uganda which lasted for two years and the other in the urban city of Baltimore which had lasted for one year. The aim of this observation was to look at a mother and infant interaction. In both study she used the same number of participants, which were 26 mothers and their infants. Using the strange situation she found three different types of attachments that were displayed by the children and the fourth found by Main and Solomon. The first study in Uganda she found that some mothers were more sensitive to their infants needs meaning that, they were more capable of providing more details about their infants. The infants of these mothers were ‘securely attached’, this means that in their mothers’ presence they cried little and were more eager to explore. This secure attachment led to the infants being more independence because they used their mothers as a secure base that they could run to in time of danger. The second observation took place in Baltimore, America. In this study she and her team did not use a behaviour checklist which means that there was not certain thing that she was looking for, for example she did not have a paper where she wrote all the behaviour that she was looking for such as anger or sorrow and ticked them off when she witnessed it, she was purely just writing what she had seen. In this observation she found that mother were more sensitive to their infants for the first three months of their lives, meaning that in the one year that she had studied them, only for the first three months the mother, who was classified as a secure base responded more to the infants needs during that time period. Learning theorist found this confusing, this is because from their understanding, responsiveness to behavioural social releasers, such as crying should act as a reinforcer and increase the crying, but this was different Anisworth predication which was that behavioural social releasers decrease the caregiver responsiveness. One limitation of these studies is that because it was a longitudinal study, which means that it went over for a long period of time, it may have caused  participant attrition, where participants drop out of the study and this may cause problems for her, such as she may not have yet found what she needed. but one strength of the study being longitudinal is that the mother may become more comfortable with the fact of someone observing them so this could led to them being more free and able to express themselves better, and this would be an advantage for Mary as she will witness the mothers true personality and behaviour. One limitation of the Baltimore study alone was that her study was not operationalised; meaning that she did not define what she was observing and this could lead to her finding irrelevant information. In the Baltimore study we saw that Mary Anisworth conducting her research using the Strange Situation. This method was used to test the nature of attachment systematically. the aim of this was to see how infants behaved under condition of mild stress and novelty, this stress was created by a presence of a stranger and by separation from caregiver; this is tests stranger anxiety and separation anxiety. The strange situation also tries to encourage exploration by placing infant in a novel situation which tests the secure base concept. This research takes place in a novel environment, this is a 99 foot square marked off into 16 squares, and this was to help mark the movements of the infants. This method consists of eight episodes, each used to emphasise certain behaviours; the behaviour that was assessed was stranger anxiety, this is the distress shown by an infant when approached or picked up by someone who is unknown to them. The second behaviour assessed is separation anxiety, this is the distress revealed by infants when separated from its primary attachment figure. And the last behaviour assessed was Reunion behaviour this is the behaviour shown by infants when reunited with their mother. The results in a strange situation are collected by a group of observers who record what the infants are doing every 15 seconds. Aniworth et al (1978) found that there are three types of attachment that infants had with their caregiver. One of the attachment found was the secure attachment, this is when an infant has a strong and cooperative interaction with their caregiver. These types of infants properly will not cry if their caregiver leaves the room, but when feeling scared they use their caregiver  as safety net that they run to seek close bodily contact and although they may not want to leave their caregivers side prematurely, they are easily soothed. They seek and are comfortable with social interaction and intimacy. The securely attached infants are more independent this is because they use their caregiver a secure base and because they know that they have this secure base they tend to explore their environment more. Another type of attachment is Insecure-avoidant, this attachment is formed of children that don’t like to socially interact with others and tend to avoid intimacy. In the strange situation, when separated from their caregiver these children show little response and do not seek proximity of their caregiver on reunion. If the infant is picked up they may show little or no tendency to cling or resist being put down. These children do not need their caregiver to be there for them to explore, they are quite happy to do it without them. They may also become quite angry because their attachment needs are not met. Furthermore another type of attachment is insecure-resistant, these are children who both seek and reject intimacy and social interaction. When separated with their caregiver they show intense distress, on reunion they may resist being picked up while also trying to maintain proximity. The last type of attachment was found by Main and Solomon (1986) when they done a re-analysis of over 200 strange situation. The fourth attachment that they found was Disorganised; this type is characterised by a lack of a consistent patterns of social behaviour. These children can show strong attachment, which is suddenly followed by avoidance or looking fearful towards their caregiver or displaying odd movements such as stumbling. In conclusion, there are four types of attachment that children display these are secure attachment, insecure- resistant, insecure avoidance and disorganised and a way to identify what type of attachment a child has is to use the strange situation method, that was first conducting by Mary Anisworth.

Salinity :: essays research papers

WHAT ARE THE EFFECTS OF EXCESS SALINITY ON PLANTS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salt is a mineral that is found both in solid and liquid form. The liquid is called brine. Salt contains two elements, chlorine and sodium, and is known chemically as sodium chloride. Mineralogists call salt that is found in mines halite. Salt is essential to health. Body cells must have salt in order to live and work. Salt makes up about 0.9 percent of the blood and body cells. It has been estimated that there are more than 14,000 uses for salt. Most people think of salt chiefly as a seasoning for food. But less than five percent of the salt produced in the world each year is used in this way. Meat packers, chemical companies, hide and leather processors, and food processors, such as manufacturers of dairy products use salt and its by-products. Farmers feed salt to livestock and use it as a preservative for hay in storage. Factories, plants, laundries, and other industrial institutions use salt to soften water and condition it. Salt is also used to hold firm the materials used in building secondary roads. It is also used in heat-treating, smelting, and refining metals. There is a little more than  ¼ pound of salt in each gallon (or 30 grams in each liter) of seawater. It has been estimated Gagnard 2 that if all the oceans dried up, they would leave about 4,419,300 cubic miles of rock salt. That would be enough to cover all the United States except Alaska and Gawaii with a layer of salt more than 1 ½ miles deep. Salt was first taken from the sea by scooping out shallow holes along the seashore. Waves, breaking along the shore, filled the holes with brine. The sun and wind causes the water in the brine to evaporate, leaving behind the crude salt. This process was known as the solar method. The solar method is still used. But, to speed the process of evaporation, the brine is put in enormous iron pans placed over extremely hot fires. Salt obtained in this manner is very pure. But it has been estimated that a single salt plant should contain at least 5,000 acres of land to make the solar system practical. Salt is found beneath the ground in almost every part of the world. Sometimes the salt lies near the surface or even above it. Rocks of salt that appear above the ground are call ed salt licks.

My Time in the Rainforest

Today was very productive day. I saw many things that I have never seen before in the Amazon rainforest. It is located in South America and is hugely populated with many different species. It is vast, covering an area of 2,5 million square miles, and we haven't even got one eight yet. Amazon river is one of the reasons the forest is so tremendously populated. It flows for more than 4,000 miles to discharge its waters in the Atlantic Ocean near Belem, Brazil. Along the way, about 1,100 tributaries latch on. One of the most seen birds was the Toucan. It was bigger then I thought it would be. Our guide told us that ten million species of plants, animals and insects live in the tropical forest. As it became dark, we stayed in the undergrowth of the forest where the tree could shade use from the hot sun we were expecting in the morning. The floor of the rain forest was sticky and wet from the rain that had fallen earlier this morning. It was hard to relax because of the weird weather. I could see a rainbow in the sky through the gaps between the canvas of leaves. As I got up, a spider monkey jumped down from the canopy and tried to grab the fruit we picked. We made a quick dash towards a giant tree trunk that had fallen. Thousands of small insects scattered as we approached it. We made a fireplace here to cook the raw meat we had brought. We fetched water from the Amazon river which was flowing near to camp and put in tablets to clean it. As we filled our bottles, piranhas swam towards our hands in the water. The Amazon river was a very dangerous place. –Day 2 24.09.10 We woke up at dawn when most of the animals would be sleeping. We saw an anaconda slither by. It was 21 feet long and I saw it choke a Giant Anteater. We were far away and the snake didn't spot us. A pack of squirrel monkeys passed us and we carried on through. It was getting cooler and there were less animals wandering about. More deadly animals started to appear, such as the poison dart frog. Our guide told us it is very small in size, but poisonous enough as to kill up to 100 people. It has the most powerful poison known by man, but harmless if left alone. Amazon Indians hunt using its poison in the tip of their arrows. –Day 3 25.09.10 We were heading towards Manaus, the weather in tropical areas have equatorial climate, found approximately 5 degrees to the North and South of the equator. Like any other tropical rainforest, it's hot and humid throughout the year, with an average annual temperature of 27à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½C

My Body

My Body When I face in front of the mirror, I can see a woman with short hair, round eyes, pale lips, and with an average height, â€Å"that† is my body. When I do things like brushing my teeth, eating dinner, walking, writing homework, sitting, and etc, â€Å"which† is what I am, I am a human because of what my body can do. But who or what am l? As simply as it sounds, it'll take time to internalize and answer this question. People would start to think from the simplest to complex things and varying answers would omen and go.Without looking in front of the mirror, without thinking the things that I can do, without thinking of what others might answer, but with my perception, experiences, and surroundings to answer the question – Who or what am l? Well, I have answers. With my body as a basis, I know that I am Marjorie Valiance Hamlin, 19 years of age, residing at Sat. Maria, Gambling City since 1995, the seventh child, fourth daughter of my mother and father, st udying at Western Mindanao State University, taking up Bachelor of Science in Biology.With my answer above, it seems like there is something lacking like a missing puzzle piece. With my intimate relation of myself to my body, I have also a spirit, which gives me the ability to control and claim my body in which Gabriel Marcel stated in his Second Reflection. With this body, I am able to interact with other people like having new friends and sharing experiences together. I am also able to participate in the events that have been happening like family gatherings, celebrating holidays, and even supporting organizations.I am also able to e and appreciate God's creation with my own two naked eyes. With this body, I am able to express myself to the other people. I can say what I feel inside of me. I may also show it along with my gestures. With all the experiences of my body and my soul, it formed me to become the ‘me' of today. To answer who am l? I am ‘me'. A creation of God , a soul embodied, a steward of His creation. I am in this body to serve others and the world. I am a unique independent member of human race like everyone else with an essential purpose living on earth.

Seattle King County Homelessness Social Work Essay Essays

Seattle King County Homelessness Social Work Essay Essays Seattle King County Homelessness Social Work Essay Essay Seattle King County Homelessness Social Work Essay Essay Seattles homeless population has continued to turn since the execution of Mayor Shells Zero Homelessness Family Pledge. The current economic clime, turning unemployment and other factors will non let the accomplishment of this end at present. In order to successfully battle homelessness, staff recommends implementing schemes based on a public policy model that incorporates employment policy, lodging policy, and schemes designed to maintain people in their places. By concentrating on full employment, low-cost lodging and societal safety cyberspaces such as exigency aid for rent, eviction protection and service centres, the City of Seattle and King County will be able to take preventive steps to halt the turning figure of homeless and make an interrelated networked alliance of concerned citizens and organisations to work to the promotion of this undertaking. King County, City of Seattle, and environing organisations are and will be committed to assist the homeless within King County reconstruct their lives by supplying services in the community s clip of demand. Background Summary Mayor Shell s proclamation has raised consciousness and increased community engagement within Seattle. We are committed to the end of stoping homelessness. The City has so put its money where its oral cavity is to turn to turning concerns. In 1998, the City of Seattle spent about $ 7.8 million on services for stateless people, about twice every bit much as it did in 1989 . ( Norton, 2006 ) Many believe Seattle s stateless population is around 9,000 people ( Anonymous, 2009 ) ; and likely 1,000 are kids. Many of the services Seattle has implemented include plans such as exigency shelters, homeless shelters, low-income lodging, and hygiene plans. Other helpful entities include the Community Psychiatric Clinic which provides about 5,000 mentally sick clients with services per twelvemonth. Private shelters, soup kitchens, and nutrient Bankss are portion of the Seattle web to stop homelessness. The Seattle Housing Authority provides merely over 5000 public lodging units which supports around 25,000 occupants. ( Block, B. , 2009 ) Several different plans have played critical functions in a 10 twelvemonth program to stop homelessness. The Committee to End Homelessness in King County made up of representatives from non-profit-making organisations, concern, local authorities, homeless protagonism groups, and the religion community, has developed and adopted the program. The plan besides offers support those who are in danger or on the brink of going homeless. Harmonizing to the King County Office of Human Services safe seaport system, Seattle and King County services provided important aid to upwards of 20,000 persons and non merely the 9,000 homeless who are estimated to be stateless on any given dark. In the 2009 study Hunger and Homelessness in US Cities , it was reported that San Francisco, Charleston, Kansas City, Dallas, Boston, Nashville, and Sacramento observed record-breaking household homelessness additions. Harmonizing to the metropoliss, the current recession, unemployment and foreclosures were the major causes of the increased homelessness. This study displayed 25 % rises in petitions for aid, which is the greatest addition since 1991. Because the metropolis of Seattle has the support of its citizens and has made a committedness to stop homelessness, the demand has non increased every bit much in Seattle as it has in other metropoliss. ( Committee to End Homelessness, 2009 ) Many other metropoliss have implemented ten twelvemonth programs like Seattle s with similar consequences, such as Denver Colorado. Denver has a stateless population of 8,700 people, a similar homeless population as Seattle, and has besides implemented a 10 twelvemonth program. As a whole, they are encouraged by their advancement yet must confront an addition in their homeless populations due to hard economic times. ( Committee to stop Homelessness, 2009 ) Seattle has an of import advantage Denver does non hold, the support of the populace. Seattle electors overpoweringly passed statute law to assist the homelessness population with health care. Some steps passed with every bit much as 70 % of the ballot. ( Rasmussen, T. 2010 ) Homeless Estimates/Identification and Analysis of Problems The City s plans have continued to turn probably because of the troubled economic clime. The One Night Count offers a snapshot of the stateless population: The figure of unsheltered homeless in Seattle is 1,977 is merely over two tierces of the entire unsheltered homeless count in King County. The Committee to End Homelessness in King County states that the Ten-Year Plan to End Homelessness throughout the County has a end to travel people quickly from homelessness to lodging construct the public and political will to stop homelessness, increase the efficiency of the bing systems, and step and study results. ( Committee to End Homelessness, 2009 ) The Ten-Year Plan , has non been successful in its original purposes. Homelessness will non be ended within the 10 twelvemonth timeframe. The plan has, nevertheless, brought the job of homelessness to the attending of citizens. Additionally, the program has allowed Seattle to maintain homelessness at sensible degrees as compared to other metropoliss. although there have been big additions in Seattle s stateless population, we do non see the record-breaking household homelessness additions in Seattle as we do in other metropoliss such as San Francisco, Charleston, Kansas City, Dallas, Boston, Nashville, and Sacramento. In the current system, harmonizing to the Office of Strategic Planning and Performance Management, the figure of homeless in King County is 2,827 ( 2009 One Night Count ) . This is up from 2008 which was 2,681 ( 2008 One Night Count ) . Additionally, the homeless population has continued to turn at a steady gait since 1998. Harmonizing to county records, the figure of homeless was 784 individuals in 1998, which is much less than the stateless population in 2009, which was of 2,827. Harmonizing to the U.S. Conference of Mayors in their 2007 study, Hunger and Homelessness in US Cities , there were three major causes of homelessness in the United States: unemployment, high lodging costs and low rewards. Additionally, Foreclosure to Homelessness 2009: The Forgotten Victims of the Subprime Crisis ( 2009 ) found that in 2009 many people became stateless as a consequence of foreclosures. The City of Seattle had a foreclosure rate of merely less than 1 per centum in 2009, and 11.6 per centum of Seattle s population is below the national poorness line. ( McLean, 2009 ) Again, the recession has caused the figure of participants in homelessness related plans to lift significantly. Harmonizing to Sard, ( 2009 ) and in Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, the figure of stateless households with kids has increased from 20 % 58 % in describing urban countries because of the current recession. The metropolis has been turn toing several of the countries, which experts claim are taking causes of homelessness in US metropoliss. It appears as if Seattle is one of the leaders in controling homelessness compared to other urban countries across the state. Now more than of all time, as the homeless population continues to lift, Seattle must go on to back up services to help them at this clip. Recommendations The United States Department of HYPERLINK hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development Urban Development and Housing indicates that Seattle is one of seven metropoliss making an astonishing occupation in efficaciously cut downing its homeless population. They are making this by utilizing aggressive plans and support. As antecedently discussed, forestalling new people from going homeless is built-in to cut downing the metropolis s homeless. Because the hapless economic system is one of the prima causes of homelessness, shelters should increase employment services for persons, in add-on to other metropolis attempts. It is recommended that Seattle continue its current attempts while implementing more aggressive fiscal support and by go oning to suggest aggressive ends for stoping homelessness. The metropolis should see back uping more aggressive preventive steps for maintaining people in their places, better bing stateless shelter substructure, implementing employment policy for the homeless, and by enrolling new community leaders and by farther organizing attempts with those leaders. Harmonizing to Lindblom, ( 1991 ) one of the most of import arms to battling homelessness is to halt homelessness at its beginning, by funding bar schemes. This includes stopping evictions, work outing notice jobs, supplying hard currency progress plans, and maintaining people in shared lodging. Financially it is much more cost effectual to implement pre-emptive agencies than to seek and assist people once they already homeless. Another scheme is to increase the incomes of highly hapless. By increasing the incomes of those in danger of fring their places, we can assist them maintain themselves sheltered. The City s unemployment rate rose from 4 per centum in 1998 to about 8.2 per centum in 2009. ( Anonymous, 2009 ) In future old ages, plans will necessitate to be reevaluated based on economic and employment conditions. In the current clime, it is recommended that the metropolis foremost offer more exigency and transitional services for the turning figure of homeless. Additionally, we need to offer more subsidised lodging, more employment chances, more lasting supportive lodging for persons with disablements, prevent evictions, work out notice jobs, supply hard currency progress plans, and maintain people in shared lodging. The current web of services is a solid foundation for assailing the job of homelessness in Seattle. Current Network of Services Seattle included the undermentioned plans in the 2009 budget in an attempt to battle homelessness: Impermanent Shelter The metropolis provides impermanent shelter plans which offers receivers instance direction and a topographic point to kip. The end of the impermanent shelter is to assist receivers transition to stable long-run lodging. Funding varies from twelvemonth to twelvemonth. In 2008 $ 6 million was allocated to the plan and in 2009 the figure increased to $ 7.1 million. Impermanent Shelters are an built-in portion of maintaining persons off the street and doing the passage to permanent lodging which, as antecedently stated is an of import constituent for stoping homelessness. ( King County Department of Community and Human Services, 2009 ) . Service Centers Several centres provided by the metropolis offer citizens laundry service and showers. In add-on service centres are able to mention them to lodging and health care services. These centres frequently provide reding, employment referrals, hot repasts, and a topographic point to hive away properties. 2008 saw $ 2.6 million distributed to these service centres. In 2009 that figure increased to $ 3.8 million. Service centres support those who are drastically affected by the economic system, once more, a taking cause of homelessness. ( King County Department of Community and Human Services, 2009 ) . Transitional Housing Transitional lodging helps persons take the first stairss towards long-run lodging. The plan aims to hold citizens in new lodging within two old ages of come ining the plan. The plan offers reding, employment, instruction, life accomplishments preparation, health care, child care, transit, lodging and other services to assist people make the Eventual passage to longer-term lodging. Funding for this plan has increased to $ 5.8 million in 2009 from $ 1 million in 2008. Transitional lodging seeks to bridge the employment and instruction spread which causes so many to be stateless. ( King County Department of Community and Human Services, 2009 ) . Eviction Prevention Because the metropolis s end is the riddance of homelessness, eviction bar is another of import metropolis service provided. Persons at high hazard for eviction and in federally subsidized lodging are offered authorities services such as instance direction, making programs to forestall eviction services to stabilise lodging and maintain persons off the street. 2008 saw $ 1 million budgeted for this plan. In 2009 this figure rose to $ 2.7 million. By maintaining persons from going homeless, we greatly increase our ability to cut the figure of people in demand of homeless services. ( King County Department of Community and Human Services, 2009 ) . Rent Aid The metropolis has two rent aid plans which help forestall homelessness by assisting persons in danger of falling short on their rent payments. $ 728,197 was distributed in 2008, while $ 554,129 was distributed in 2009 for this plan. Similar to eviction bar, by maintaining persons from going homeless, we greatly increase our ability to cut the figure of people in demand of homeless services. ( King County Department of Community and Human Services, 2009 ) . Emergency Rent Assistance Around 515 low-income families receive exigency rent aid each twelvemonth. Both, a long-run, and short-run plan are available. ( King County Department of Community and Human Services, 2009 ) . The 2009/2010 budget includes: The entire 2010 budget for the Department of Health and Human Services is $ 146,778,456. Of that figure, $ 28,377,592 is allocated for plans specifically designed to stop homelessness. ( City of Seattle 2010 Proposed Budget, 2009 ) . The chief resources for these undertakings come from assorted grants. These grants include direct federal grants, private income beginnings, and general bomber fund support. There are revenue enhancement parts which besides provide a limited beginning of support. The plans rely on the continued support of not-for-profits and private industry. Additionally, grants pay for a big part of these plans. ( Tokuda, K, 2009 ) . The budget has $ 2.5 million for homeless services and lodging including: 70 new shelter beds for persons relocated from campsites, hotel/motel verifiers to help 10 stateless households to acquire off the street, installation support for the new First Methodist Church shelter ; expanded twenty-four hours and hygiene services and instance direction services for inveterate stateless persons in business district Seattle ; support services for over 100 stateless persons populating in Housing-first units ; capital support for an extra 32 units of lodging units for stateless persons. The City of Seattle has been having federal support through the McKinney Grant ; about $ 10 million in 2009 ( City of Seattle 2010 Proposed Budget, 2009 ) . Seattle receives one of the largest McKinney awards each twelvemonth ( Norton, 2006 ) . The City Council besides added increased eviction bar support of $ 50,000 in both 2009 and 2010 ( Johnson, J. et all, 2009 ) . City of Seattle Budget: 2007 2008 2009 2010 Community Facilities 1,163,637 674,626 729,843 752,263 2007 2008 2009 2010 Emergency and Transitional Services 19,505,082 21,990,995 27,461,399 27,625,329 ( Johnson, J. et all, 2009 ) Policy Plan Further Aims Support preventive steps: Keep people in their places by fostering rent aid plans and eviction protection. Improve and spread out low cost lodging to better affordability, as mentioned, one of the prima causes of homelessness. Provide employment policy by quickly associating them with employment and/or benefits. Again, the fiscal crisis is one of the major grounds for homelessness. If we can acquire people into occupations the homeless population should diminish. Any building should be assorted usage in nature as the homeless population is likely to cyclically alter. As discussed, homelessness is that one of the highest points in recent memory. Because of this installation should be created which support the stateless population now, and can be used for community events in the hereafter. Coordinating community outreach will enable more people to entree the web of services provided. Provide lodging for those being discharged from public establishments ( infirmaries, prisons, gaols, mental wellness installations ) . A big figure of homeless is released from these establishments with no other support. Further coordination of attempt with them could better our ability to command the section of the stateless population. Recruit new community leaders and farther co-ordinate attempts. Reduce the figure of homeless by 30 % in the following 2 old ages. In order to make our ends we must get down by offering more subsidised lodging, more employment chances, more lasting supportive lodging for persons with disablements, prevent evictions, work out notice jobs, supply hard currency progress plans, and maintain people in shared lodging. First, strongly back uping preventive steps should be at the head of metropolis thought. Second, bettering impermanent lodging to assist extinguish the on the street stateless population is a necessary following measure. Working within the10 twelvemonth program of Seattle, it is non unreasonable to see the stateless population bead by 30 % in the following two old ages. As the economic system begins to settle, the metropolis should reassess the economic clime and alter our ends. In order to be successful, claims Toepfer, ( 2000 ) schemes to battle homelessness should be based on public policy models which combine employment and lodging policy, and supports societal safety cyberspaces including lodging allowances. The manner we will accomplish these ends will be by first, guaranting the metropolis has the needed lodging substructure it needs to back up and care for the stateless population. As people enter and issue homelessness we need to do the continuance of homelessness every bit short as possible. With the needed substructure, force per unit area will be taken away of other public bureaus such as exigency response squads, infirmaries, jurisprudence enforcement, gaols, and mental wellness installations to supply excess services caused by deficiency of basic human demands. Following, we must guarantee that anyone with merely one household income makes more than minimal pay in support. Harmonizing to Dolbeare ( 1999 ) , no one doing minimal pay in the United States can afford a one sleeping room flat based on the federal criterion of affordability. A full-time worker must gain at least $ 11.08/hour to afford a rental unit with two sleeping rooms. Servicess must be provided non merely for the jobless but besides for those whose income does non let them to pay for their ain lodging. Harmonizing to the National Alliance to End Homelessness, a rapid nexus to lodging is an of import portion of outreach to the homeless community. The agreement must necessitate low demands on receivers, doing stateless people feel safe and secure. This besides helps with persons enduring from hapless physical and mental wellness. When people feel safe, they are more likely to take part in intervention and engage in the procedure of happening new lodging. With the continued focal point on employment, low-cost lodging and societal safety cyberspaces such as exigency rent aid, eviction protection and service centres will be will to take preventive steps to halt the turning figure of homeless. On average the chronic homeless individual uses $ 40,000 worth of services per twelvemonth. ( Incorporate Council on Homelessness, 2009 ) The New York Coalition for the Homeless estimates that the cost of for good lodging a inveterate stateless individual can be every bit small as $ 12,500 per twelvemonth instead than $ 40,000, presuming they are housed. The 150,000 inveterate stateless people in the United States cost $ 10.95 billion per twelvemonth in public financess. If these persons were all for good housed, the disbursal would be expected to fall to $ 7.88 billion. The social benefit of $ 40,000 worth of services for persons dropping to $ 12,500 per inveterate stateless individual warrants the $ 5,000,000 addition in our budget. ( Forbes, 2009 ) There are presently a sum of 253 service suppliers which target primary populations i.e. households, unattached young person, immature grownups, and grownups. Nonprofit organisations, concern, local authorities, homeless protagonism groups, other authorities sections, and the religion community offer the anchor of the community s web of suppliers. ( Johnson, J. et. all, 2009 ) It should be the end of our plan to supply a minimal criterion of life for all individuals in the metropolis. As public retainers it is our occupation to ease this in whatever manner we can. We should besides seek to restrict turnover in staff which work straight with the homeless, as informations suggests staff acquaintance will better plan success. ( Anonymous 2009 ) Execution Budget Staff proposes the current budget be approved with additions in all service countries and enlargement of financess for lodging, a $ 5,000,000 addition. These additions can be justified as other metropolis sections will hold fewer loads as a consequence of the added financess to homelessness ( infirmaries, prisons, gaols, mental wellness installations ) . Changes to the budget will include increasing exigency rent aid, eviction protection, employment plans, and increase in low cost lodging, half-way lodging, income supplementation and community outreach. Money from transitional lodging and services will be used to pay for these additions. This will be a $ 5 million displacement in financess and a $ 5 million addition of financess. Changes will, better substructure, prevent persons and households from fring their places or flats, and offer low-demand lodging for a safe topographic point to have intervention. In the short term, the budget allotment for exigency and transitional services will offer the homeless population immediate aid. Our proposed budget is listed below: Homeless Budget 2010 New 2010 Proposed Community Facilities 2,000,000 Emergency and Transitional Services 25,000,000 Outreach 1,000,000 Employment Stimulation 3,000,000 Emergency Income Supplementation 1,500,000 Entire: 32,000,000 28,377,592 At the terminal of the twelvemonth, reevaluate the province of Seattle s homelessness and increase the budget in countries of demand. Budgetary alterations should be determined by the success of plans this twelvemonth. Likely, an across the board addition of 5-10 % to current services will be appropriate, depending on the strength of the economic system. Further Avocation for the Budget Given the current economic times, this is the minute to guarantee a roof over every caput. As antecedently stated, more than $ 25,000 worth of public services can be saved per twelvemonth for each inveterate stateless individual housed. This is the ground for the proposed addition in community installations. Based on the current cost to the City, $ 3,257 per individual ( $ 28,377,592 ( 2010 proposed budget ) / 8712 ( on the street stateless population ) = $ 3,257 ) it would drastically better the state of affairs of the on the street stateless population and subsidise more low income lodging than the metropolis s proposed budget. The homeless job will go on to turn for the following few old ages because of the hard economic times and the budget addition will guarantee the City is prepared. We still need the continued support of local concerns, community members and faith-based every bit good as non religion based organisations to go on the success of metropolis plans. Community outreach plans will supply a medium for people to donate clip and aid within the community, taking a interest in their vicinity and City. Seattle has the beginnings of substructure and community support in topographic point to do important paces in stoping homelessness. We will all profit from theses budget add-ons. Additionally, focal point groups will be set up in communities around Seattle. These groups will roll up information and gage the support of local citizens. Hospitals, gaols, mental wellness establishments, and other installations overburdened as a consequence of homelessness will besides be contacted to analyze forms of discharge and be given whatever support we can offer. Current grosss are deficient for run intoing the homeless population s demands. Hospitals, prisons, gaols and mental wellness installations are overburdened and no longer supplying the original service for which they were intended. An equal investing in homelessness now will ensue in a more humane, safe, and in fiscal matters sound hereafter. In these economically disputing times it is our occupation as civil retainers to supply for those who need it most in their clip of demand. The budget is a political papers which reflects our moral precedences. As Samuel Johnson said in Boswell: Life of Johnson, A nice proviso for the hapless is the true trial of civilisation. It is clip we stand up for the rights of all people in our society and put an terminal to the excess taxpayer disbursement that chronic homelessness causes. Decision The Mayor s pledge has left The City of Seattle with the beginning substructure it needs to make zero homelessness. The citizens, faith-based and non-faith based organisations and the City of Seattle have created a favourable clime for alteration. Our metropolis is resilient, compassionate and has all the tools needed to do homelessness in Seattle a thing of the yesteryear. The City is taking the manner, demoing the remainder of the United States what needs to be done to battle this societal ill. Seattle has one of the most progressive and quality plans for controling homelessness in the state. We must non halt here nevertheless. Our job has grown due to issues in the lodging market, and economic clime. This is the clip to put in our community. We have the chance to assist so many people. If we invest decently now, we make major advancement toward Mayor Shell s Zero Homelessness Pledge.

How the Lufthansa Heist Put the Mob in the Headlines

How the Lufthansa Heist Put the Mob in the Headlines If youve seen the movie Goodfellas, you already know the basic story: On December 11, 1978, a team of thieves led by an associate of the Lucchese crime family stole $6 million in cash and jewelry from the Lufthansa Airlines vault at Kennedy Airport. At the time, it was the most ambitious robbery in American history, and it still counts as one of the largest cash hauls ever, anywhere in the world.   The Genesis of the Lufthansa Heist Theres a reason employers dont like their workers to get involved with the mob: once youre in hock, theres no telling what youll give up to save your life. In the fall of 1978, a Kennedy Airport employee named Louis Werner owed $20,000 in gambling debts to a Mafia-associated bookie named Martin Krugman; to worm his way out, he gave Krugman a tip about a huge shipment of cash about to be shipped to New York by the German airline Lufthansa. (The money derived from monetary exchanges in West Germany used by American tourists and servicemen.) Krugman, in turn, told his fellow mob associate Henry Hill, who passed along the information to master thief Jimmy Burke (the latter two were portrayed by Ray Liotta and Robert de Niro, respectively, in Goodfellas). Beyond passing along the initial tip, Louis Werner was instrumental in successfully pulling off the Lufthansa heist, since he actually worked at Kennedy Airport. He gave the Burke crew a master key, briefed them on the names of the employees who would be working the day of the heist, and even told them the best place to park their getaway car. Before they could spring into action, though, the robbers had to square things away with the Five Families of New York: the Lucchese family backed the operation, but the Gambino family insisted on placing one of its own soldiers with the crew and the Bonnano family demanded a cut of the proceeds, since Kennedy Airport was technically on its turf. The Day of the Heist Oddly enough, given its centrality to the movies plot, Martin Scorsese doesnt actually depict the Lufthansa heist in Goodfellas; all he gives audiences is a shot of Ray Liotta celebrating in the shower as the robbery is reported on the radio. In any event, the heist went off amazingly smoothly: at three oclock in the morning, Burkes crew burst into the Kennedy Airport facility, rounded up the employees (without, thankfully, actually killing anybody) and loaded 40 parcels of cash into their waiting van, and then sternly warned their hostages not to alert the authorities for 15 minutes. Why 15 minutes? Because Louis Werner made sure to tell Burke that Port Authority police could seal off Kennedy Airport (which is the size of a small city) within 90 seconds of a distress call. But heres where things began to get sloppy. The robbers drove to Jimmy Rourkes garage in Canarsie, Brooklyn, and loaded the money into another vehicle that was then driven to a safe house (no one knows exactly where) by Burke and his son. But rather than taking the original car to a junkyard in New Jersey, where it was supposed to be immediately compacted, getaway driver Parnell Stacks Edwards chose to get high instead in his girlfriends apartment, parking the van carelessly on the street outside. By morning, the police had the van in custody, and Edwards fled into the night, his fingerprints still on the steering wheel. The Bloody Aftermath of the Lufthansa Heist Not a sentimental man in the best of times, Jimmy Burke, in possession of $6 million in cash, was driven to murderous paranoia in the aftermath of the Lufthansa heist. It didnt take long for the police to put two and two together and identify the Burke crew as the likely culprits; they wired Burkes lounge, tapped the pay phones out on the street, and even followed members of the gang in black helicopters. In order to cover his tracks, Burke went on a killing spree. The first to go was Stacks Edwards (executed in his home, in a scene memorably recreated in Goodfellas with Joe Pesci and Samuel L. Jackson); the body of Martin Krugman was never found; and at least seven other people associated with the heist also wound up whacked or missing. In the end, despite its  reams of surveillance, the FBI was never able to definitively connect the Burke gang with the Lufthansa heist, and the money was never recovered. (Ironically, the only person ever convicted for the robbery was Louis Werner, the inside man who had made the entire scheme possible.) As for Jimmy Burke, he wound up jailed by the feds for his involvement in a college basketball point-shaving scam. and was then slapped with another 20 years for the murder of Richard Eaton (a low-level mob associate who was briefly depicted in Goodfellas frozen stiff and hanging off a meat hook). Burke died of cancer in 1996, and Henry Hill in 2012, meaning that we may never know how many houses, sports cars, fur coats and home theaters the cash from the Lufthansa heist wound up funding.

Sarbanes Oxley Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sarbanes Oxley Act - Essay Example It is a law for all public that set the standards for all the United States of America’s public companies board, the management and all the public accounting firms. This has set the standards for all who hold management position to give out accurate financial statements and information, while making external auditors more independent. The Act contains 11 titles. Scenario 1 which tries to establish whether a chief financial officer(CFO) or the CEO is liable certify report that contain misrepresentation can be explained by title III of the Sarbanes Oxley Act (SOX).this title contain eight parts and states that those in high ranking of management should be individually responsible for accurate and complete financial statements. The title is specific in that it demand that corporate officers e.g. the CFO, or the CEO to be responsible for accurate and valid financial records (SOX section 302) ( Guy 45).4 Scenario 2 wished to establish whether or not a CFO or CEO is liable for using their respective position to influence an "audit report" of a public corporation. This can be explained by title XI on fraud accountability. It specifies that tampering and fraud of financial records either by overstatement or understatement attracted a penalty. This may lead to an extent of freezing payment which seems either overstated or understated. (SOX section1101)(James 128). Scenario3 wishes to find out whether or not an outside auditing firm must report directly to the "internal auditing committee" of a public corporation.... . Scenario 6 looks at whether or not a public corporation can make loans to managers and executives. This can be explained by title V which has nine sections that shows reporting on any transaction whether it is an off the balance sheet or any financial transaction. This means that they can make loans to the managers but it is a requirement to report on all those transaction that were involved (James 310). The last scenario wishes to tell whether or not a person who conspires with other to engage in fraudulent activities will receive the same punishment as those who actually engage in the fraudulent activity. Title III specifically states that every officer s will take his her individual responsibility for accurate and valid reporting. In case of fraud each officer takes his/her own responsibility and receives his /her own penalty (Guy 103). It is for a fact that Sarbanes Oxley Act is applicable in many activities of the firm. It seeks to set the standards for all who hold management position to give out accurate financial statements and information, while making external auditors more independent. Work cited. Guy Lander ,What is Sarbanes-Oxley? McGraw-Hill, 2003 James Hamilton, Ted Trautmann,Sarbanes, Oxley Manual: A Handbook for the Act and SEC Rules, CCH Incorporated, 2008 Question A Uniform commercial code Uniform commercial code was first enacted in 1952 and aimed at harmonizing sales law in the United States of America. Uniform commercial law was enacted to deal with transactions and contracts. It was created to create uniformity while transacting. It is subdivided into articles but of importance to this question is article 2 of the uniform

Which reflections of Islam are in the tale of Maruf the Cobbler Essay

Which reflections of Islam are in the tale of Maruf the Cobbler - Essay Example Muslim believes that Allah is the provider of everything, and they should ask him the things they want. In respect to this belief Maaruf had to pray the dawn prayer to ask Allah to save him from the wrath of his wife by providing a piece of cake before evening. Muslims have their special court known as the kadhi court in which they should settle their matters. Maafur was falsely accused by his wife before the Kadhi court. The two were Muslim, and they could not take their problem before the court of law and, as a result, the wife took the matter before the Kadhi who settled the issue and restored peace between the two (Scheherazade 12). One aspect of Islam is giving a charity to the poor and helping the oppressed. In the tale, the aspect of charity is seen where Maaruf could not get the money to buy the cake but went to the shop, and the cake seller agreed to give him on credit. The cake seller agreed to help Maaruf and give him the cake on credit until when Allah will provide him with money. Upon reaching home, the wife did not accept the cake because it was not covered with bees honey, and this brought up trouble. The neighbours played a role of brining back peace in the home since Muslims should help the oppressed. When Maaruf went away from Cairo after being reported by his wife, he came across a man who took him and gave him everything. When the Kazi was settling the dispute, he made sure he maintained peace between the wife and husband by giving Maaruf the cake to give it to the wife (Scheherazade 4). Muslims are supposed to pray Allah five times a day and in the tale Maaruf is praying most of the time. The Islam faith requires believers to pray in the mosque and Maaruf went to the mosque to pray meaning that he was a true Muslim (Scheherazade 7). Maaruf was a prayerful man and this made Allah to make him Sultan. When the wife of Maaruf (princes

How Transgenics has helped to shed light on a disease model Diabetes Essay

How Transgenics has helped to shed light on a disease model Diabetes - Essay Example The technique helps in the betterment of human and animal genes, while helping r educe diseased conditions and accentuating positive features. It improves nutritional value in plants and advances the yield of crops. It also helps in the treatment of genetic disorders and in the study of DNA fingerprinting, which can help the forensic department in punishing or acquitting an individual. The Recombinant DNA technique was engineered by Stanley Norman Cohen and Herbert Boyer in 1973. They published their findings in a 1974 paper entitled "Construction of Biologically Functional Bacterial Plasmids in vitro", which described a technique to isolate and amplify genes or DNA segments and insert them into another cell with precision, creating a transgenic bacterium. [www.wikipedia.com] This technology has helped in the creation of genetically healthy animals, who are devoid of any flaw characteristics. The genetic errors and flaws have been replaced and altered using this technology of artificial DNA and has paved way for flawless genes in animals. These transgenic animals have indeed become a landmark in biological studies. They are useful in carrying forward the species, without any threat of becoming extinct.